COLLABORATION BETWEEN GOVERNMENT, PRIVATE SECTOR, AND COMMUNITY IN SMART CITY DEVELOPMENT PLANNING
Keywords:
Smart City, Multi-Stackholder collabaration, Government, Private Sector, CommunityAbstract
The development of information and communication technology has encouraged various cities in Indonesia to transform towards the concept of smart cities. The success of smart city development is not only determined by technological sophistication, but also by the effectiveness of collaboration between the government, the private sector, and the community. This study aims to examine the forms and roles of multi-stakeholder collaboration in smart city development planning in Indonesia by referring to various national and international literature. The method used is a literature study with a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were obtained from national and international journal articles, books, and policy documents related to smart cities. The results of the study show that smart city planning in Indonesia is still dominated by the role of the government, while the involvement of the private sector and the community is not yet optimal. International literature reinforces the theoretical framework of multi-stakeholder collaboration as the basis for smart city development, while national literature provides a contextual overview of its application in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen collaborative mechanisms, expand public participation, and establish long-term partnerships with the private sector so that smart city development can be more effective, inclusive, and sustainable.
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