INTEGRATION OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY INTO THE NATIONAL LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Abstract

The implementation of digitalization within the framework of Indonesia's national development faces significant challenges and opportunities. One of the main obstacles is the imbalance in access and connectivity between regions, especially in 3T (underdeveloped, frontier, and outermost) areas, which requires cross-sector coordination and long-term investment for equitable digital infrastructure. In addition, the low level of digital literacy among the public and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is an obstacle to promoting widespread and inclusive technology adoption. In terms of policy, the RPJPN outlines an integrative approach that combines digital transformation with bureaucratic and governance reforms, including the digitization of the national data system, the development of digital identities, and the use of big data for more effective and transparent development planning. This strategy is in line with the Indonesia Emas 2045 vision, which targets per capita income of USD 23,000–30,300 and a 18% contribution of the digital sector to GDP by 2030. Digitization is expected to improve the efficiency of public services, strengthen data-based governance, and reduce poverty levels by 0.5–0.8 percent and reduce income inequality with a Gini ratio of between 0.29–0.32. Human resource development through vocational education, technology training, and the integration of digital curricula at all levels of education is a priority in order to create a generation that is able to compete in the digital economy era.